We will share links to research related to the various factors analyzed with Sibme AI. For a full list of AI reports, click here.
Closed vs. Open-Ended
Knight, J. December 2022. Vol 80. No 4 The Beautiful Question https://www.ascd.org/el/articles/the-beautiful-question
Marangell, Samantha (2021). Melbourne Centre For The Study Of Higher Education, March 2021: Asking Questions To Support Student Learning In Class: Strategies And Tips For Small-Group Teaching https://melbourne-cshe.unimelb.edu.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/3637923/asking-questions-to-support-student-learning_final.pdf
Open-ended Versus Closed-ended Questions. St. Olaf College. 2023 https://wp.stolaf.edu/iea/open-ended-versus-close-ended-questions/
Questioning Strategies. University of Illinois. 2023 https://citl.illinois.edu/citl-101/teaching-learning/resources/teaching-strategies/questioning-strategies
Sattes and Walsh (2005) Quality Questioning (p.56, p.122, p.25, p.15).
Waterford.org. 7 Tips for Teaching Students How to Ask Questions https://www.waterford.org/education/how-to-ask-questions/
Cold Call vs. Choral Response
Choral Response TLAC 3.0 (p.301,302,305).
Ginsburg, David (June 19, 2011) Education Week. Quest for the Best Questioning Strategy: Cold Calling vs. Choral Response https://www.edweek.org/teaching-learning/opinion-quest-for-the-best-questioning-strategy-cold-calling-vs-choral-response/2011/06
Harvard Graduate School Expanding Participation Through Cold-Calling
Terada, Youki (April 26,2023) Does Cold Calling Work? Here’s What the Research Says https://www.edutopia.org/article/does-cold-calling-work-heres-what-the-research-says/
TLAC 3.0 (p.282,288,297-299).
TLAC Call and Response http://teachlikeachampionch4.blogspot.com/p/technique-23-call-and-response.html
Sherrington, Tom. Feb. 2021. Cold Calling: The #1 strategy for inclusive classrooms – remote and in person. https://teacherhead.com/2021/02/07/cold-calling-the-1-strategy-for-inclusive-classrooms-remote-and-in-person/
Generic Praise Vs. Behavior Specific Praise
(n.d.). Fundamental Skill Sheet, Behavior Specific Praise. Iris Center https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/
Hunter, W., Jenkins, A., & Moore, T. (n.d.). https://vkc.Vumc.Org/assets/files/resources/psibehaviorspecpraise.Pdf. Behavior Specific Praise in the Classroom https://vkc.vumc.org/assets/files/resources/psibehaviorspecpraise.pdf
Jenkins, L. N., Floress, M. T., & Reinke, W. R. (2015). Rates and Types of Teacher Praise: A Review and Future Directions. Psychology in the Schools, 52 (5), 463-476. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.21835
Panorama Education (n.d.). Guide to Behavior Specific Praise in the Classroom. Retrieved July 2, 2023, https://www.panoramaed.com/blog/guide-to-behavior-specific-praise-in-the-classroom
Teacher Talk vs. Student Talk
Barkley, Steve (June 10, 2018). Teacher Talk and Student Talk https://barkleypd.com/blog/teacher-talk-student-talk/
Coffey, Carlyn (May 16, 2022). Why is Measuring Student Talk Important? https://vosaic.com/blog/student-talk-teacher-talk
Gracey, Lori. (Who’s Doing the Talking in Our Classrooms?) TCEA TechNotes: Who’s Doing the Talking in Our Classrooms? https://blog.tcea.org/whos-doing-the-talking-in-our-classrooms/#:~:text=89%25%20of%20the%20talking%20that,of%20which%20nine%20are%20procedural
Greenwood-Lang, Emily http://emilyjlang.weebly.com/teacher-talk-vs-student-talk.html
Hattie, John. Visible Learning for Teachers : Maximizing Impact on Learning, Taylor and Francis, 2012. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/umkc/detail.action?docID=958163.
International Journal Of Applied Language And Cultural Studie (IJALCS) Vol. 2, No. 2, 2019. Bisera Kostadinovska-Stojchevska; Ivana Popovikj. Teacher Talking Time Vs. Student Talking Time: Moving Teacher-Centered Classroom To Learner-Centered Classroom https://www.researchgate.net/publication/334908408_TEACHER_TALKING_TIME_VS_STUDENT_TALKING_TIME_MOVING__TEACHER-CENTERED_CLASSROOM_TO_LEARNER-CENTERED_CLASSROOM
Klara Sedova,Martin Sedlacek,Roman Svaricek,Martin Majcik,Jana Navratilova,Anna Drexlerova,Jakub Kychler,Zuzana Salamounova (October 2019). Science Direct. Do those who talk more learn more? The relationship between student classroom talk and student achievement https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959475218303839
Rogers, Richard James. December 2022 The Truth About Teacher Talking Time. https://richardjamesrogers.com/2022/12/11/the-truth-about-teacher-talking-time-ttt/
Starr, Sandra Teacher-Talk: Supporting Teacher Practice https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1240278.pdf
Teach Like a Champion (05.08.19) Department Of Pet Peeves: Vilifying ‘teacher Talk’ https://teachlikeachampion.org/blog/department-of-pet-peeves-vilifying-teacher-talk/
Wait Time
Kelly, Melissa. "Wait Time in Education." ThoughtCo, Jul. 29, 2021, https://www.thoughtco.com/importance-of-wait-time-8405
Majeika, Caitlyn. Fundamental Skill Sheet, Wait Time. Iris Center https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/
McCarthy, J. (2018, January 10). Extending the Silence. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/extending-silence/
Rowe, Mary Budd. Apr. 1972 Wait-Time and Rewards as Instructional Variables: Their Influence on Language, Logic and Fate Control. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED061103
Stahl, Robert J. May 1994. Using “Think-Time” and “Wait-Time” Skillfully in the Classroom ERIC Digest https://ocw.umb.edu/early-education-development/echd-440-640-eec-language-and-literacy-course/learning-module-1/module-5/Wait%20Time.pdf
Takayoshi, P and Van Ittersum, D. (2018). Wait Time: Making Space for Authentic Learning. Kent State University Center for Teaching and Learning https://www.kent.edu/ctl/wait-time-making-space-authentic-learning
Teacher Toolkit. Sept 2021. The Longer You Wait, The Better The Reward. https://www.teachertoolkit.co.uk/2021/09/04/wait-time/
Words Per Minute
Barnard. Dom. Nov. 2022. Average Speaking Rate and Words per Minute
Birchfield, David.Sept. 2020 Slow Down: Why You’re Speaking Too Fast. https://www.nextgenlearning.org/articles/slow-down-when-teachers-speak-too-fast
Lundberg, Christian. Myth Busted-speedkills? The best rate for good presentations. https://vocablecommunications.com/speech-myths-busted-speed-kills-or-what-is-the-best-rate-for-a-compelling-presentation/
The National Center for Voice and Speech. (n.d.). Voice Qualities http://www.ncvs.org/ncvs/tutorials/voiceprod/tutorial/quality.html
Tool For Clear Speech. Speaking Rate. Baruch College. 2023 https://tfcs.baruch.cuny.edu/speaking-rate/
Osbone, D. (2012). Teacher-Talk: A Sociolinguistic Variable http://eca.state.gov/forum/vols/vol37/no2/p10.htm)
Communication Skills (2012). First Things First, http://ucat.osu.edu/read/teaching/international/international_communicationfirst.html
Kelch, K. (1985). Modified input as an aid to comprehension. Studies in Second Language Acqui-sition
Dahl, D. (1981). The role of experience in speech modifications for second language learners. Minnesota Papers in Linguistics and Philosophy of Language
Holland, R. and T. Shortall. 2000. Classroom Research and Research Methods. Centre for English Language Studies. Birmingham University. (edited)